html部分
...... <body> <canvas id="myCanvas" width="400" height="400" ></canvas> <!-- 给动画添加控制按钮 --> <div> <button id="startAnimation">Start</button> <button id="stopAnimation">Stop</button> </div> ......
圆周运动
相关知识:三角函数
方法:将形状放在周长上角度为0弧度的位置,该位置位于右手边,在每次动画循环中,只需增加位于圆周上的形状的角度,就可以使形状沿着圆周运动。
需要解决的问题:
如何计算位于圆周上形状的(x,y)坐标值
解决:需要知道三角形邻边和对边的长度,分别代表x,y的位置
var angle = 45; var adjRatio = Math.cos(angle*(Math.PI/180)); // 余弦-斜边-邻边 var oppRatio = Math.sin(angle*(Math.PI/180)); // 正弦-对边-斜边 var radius = 50; var x = radius * adjRatio; var y = radius * oppRatio;
位置:定义shape类,并向其添加属性,
var shape = function(x,y,canvasWidth,canvasHeight){
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
this.radius = Math.random()*30; // 介于0~30之间的随机半径
this.angle = 0; // 起始的角度值
}
计算位于圆周上当前角度的形状多对应的x,y的值,
圆周通过半径定义
注意:形状对象中定义的点(x,y)现在引用的是圆周的中心---形状围绕它旋转的点,而不是起点
var x = temshape.x+(temshape.radius*Math.cos(temshape.angle*(Math.PI/180)));
var y = temshape.y+(temshape.radius*Math.sin(temshape.angle*(Math.PI/180)));
temshape.angle+=5; // 增加旋转的角度
if(temshape.angle>360){
temshape.angle=0;
}
将新的x,y变量添加到fillRect中
context.fillRect(x,y,temshape.width,temshape.height) // 画矩形
---------------------------完整代码--------------------------------
<script>
function draw1(id){
var myCanvas = $('#myCanvas');
var context = myCanvas.get(0).getContext('2d');
var canvasWidth = myCanvas.width();
var canvasHeight = myCanvas.height();
var startButton = $('#startAnimation');
var stopButton = $('#stopAnimation');
var playAnimation = true;
startButton.hide();
startButton.click(function(){
$(this).hide();
stopButton.show();
playAnimation = true;
animate();
})
stopButton.click(function(){
$(this).hide();
startButton.show();
playAnimation = false;
})
var shape = function(x,y,canvasWidth,canvasHeight){
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
this.radius = Math.random()*30; // 介于0~30之间的随机半径
this.angle = 0; // 起始的角度值
}
var shapes = new Array();
for(var i = 0;i<10;i++){
var x = Math.random()*250;
var y = Math.random()*250;
var width = height = Math.random()*50;
shapes.push(new shape(x,y,width,height));
}
function animate(){
context.clearRect(0,0,canvasWidth,canvasHeight); // 擦除
var shapesLength = shapes.length;
for(var i=0;i<shapesLength;i++){
var temshape = shapes[i];
var x = temshape.x+(temshape.radius*Math.cos(temshape.angle*(Math.PI/180)));
var y = temshape.y+(temshape.radius*Math.sin(temshape.angle*(Math.PI/180)));
temshape.angle+=5;
if(temshape.angle>360){
temshape.angle=0;
}
context.fillRect(x,y,temshape.width,temshape.height) // 画矩形
};
if(playAnimation){
setTimeout(animate,33);
}
}animate();
}draw1('#myCanvas');
</script>

上图,矩形做圆周运动。